Uropathogenic Bacterial Isolates and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns among HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Gondar University Specialized Hospital Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

HIV is remarkable for its preference for T-lymphocytes and macrophages which are rendered incompetent or depleted while opportunities are provided for organisms and agents of otherwise low virulence to establish themselves and cause various infections and further morbidities. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of uropathogenic bacterial isolates and their drug susceptibility patterns in HIV/ADIS patients. A cross sectional study was conducted in the Gondar University Hospital from October 2011 to June 2012 in adult HIV patients. Mid stream urine was collected from the study participants with sterile wide mouthed urine cup. Biochemical tests were performed to identify isolates. Bauer and Kriby agar disc diffusion sensitivity testing was used to determine susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates. Data were entered into a database designed using MS Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20. Proportions for categorical variables were compared using chi-square test. P-value <0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Overall prevalence of UTI in HIV patients was 10.7% with 75.6% occurrence in females. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen 23 (56.1%), followed by Enterobacter spp 6 (14.6%), S. aureus 6 (14.6%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) 4 (9.8%) and K. pneumoniae 2 (4.9%). Isolates are most sensitive to ceftriaxone. Multiple drug resistance (resistance two or more drugs) was observed in 95% of the isolates. Urinary tract infection is common with HIV patients. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment will improve the overall care of these patients. Periodic studies are recommended to check the outcome of asymptomatic bacteriuria and also monitor any changes in the susceptibility patterns of uropathogens causing urinary tract infection in HIV patients.